Technique Abbreviations
Waters Information Center Analytical Technique
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Abbreviations & Acronyms*

In describing the analytical techniques for which samples were prepared by SPE, the following abbreviations and acronyms have been used. A few of these, e.g., HPLC, GC, CGC, MS, RIA, etc., are also used to shorten the titles of certain citations. Click on the appropriate category to jump to a specific table.

Liquid Chromatography & Extraction Techniques:

HPLC

High performance liquid chromatography

RP/HPLC

Reversed-phase HPLC

NP/HPLC

Normal-phase HPLC

PI/HPLC

Paired-ion HPLC

IE/HPLC

Ion-exchange HPLC

AX/HPLC

Anion-exchange HPLC

CX/HPLC

Cation-exchange HPLC

WCX

Weak cation exchange

SCX

Strong cation exchange

WAX

Weak anion exchange

SAX

Strong anion exchange

ILC

Ion liquid chromatography

LC

Liquid chromatography

LLE

Liquid-liquid extraction

LSE

Liquid-solid extraction

CLSE

Column liquid-solid extraction

SPE

Solid phase extraction

CC

Open (low pressure) column chromatography

IEC

Ion-exchange (low pressure) chromatography

GPC

Gel permeation chromatography

GFC

Gel filtration chromatography

SEC

Size exclusion chromatography

µLC

Microcolumn LC

µHPLC

Microcolumn HPLC

CEC

Capillary Electrochromatography

SFC

Supercritical-fluid chromatography

CSFC

Capillary supercritical-fluid chromatography

FIA

Flow injection analysis

Liquid Chromatography Detection Methods:  

ECD

Electrochemical detection

UV/VIS

Ultraviolet/visible detection

PDA

Photodiode array

RI

Refractive index detection

FD

Fluorescence detection

PCR

Post-column reaction (on-line)

LC/MS

Coupled HPLC- mass spectrometry

TSMS

Mass spectrometric detection with thermospray interface

CD

Conductivity detection

PAD

Pulsed-amperometric detection

RD

Radioactivity detection

CLD

Chemiluminescence detection

Gas Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry & Related Techniques:

GC

Gas chromatography

CGC

Capillary column gas chromatography

HRGC

High resolution GC

GC/MS

GC/mass spectrometry

SIM

Selective ion monitoring

EI/MS

Electron-impact MS

FAB/MS

Fast-atom-bombardment MS

CF-FAB

Continuous flow FAB

CI/MS

Chemical ionization MS

NICI/MS

Negative-ion CI/MS

PICI/MS

Positive-ion CI/MS

API

Atmospheric-pressure ionization

MSD

Mass selective detection

MD

Mass detection

Gas Chromatography Detection Methods:

FID

Flame ionization detection

FPD

Flame photometric detection

FTD

Flame thermionic detection (alkali flame ionization)

TCD

Thermal conductivity detection

EC

Electron capture detection

NPD

Nitrogen phosphorous detection

HallECD

Hall electrolytic conductivity detection

SID

Surface ionization detection

TEA

Thermal energy analyzer

AED

Atomic emission detection

SID

Surface ionization detection

IMS

Ion mobility spectrometer

PSFID

Phosphorus sulfur flame ionization detection

AFD

Alkali flame detection

Thin Layer Chromatography Techniques:

TLC

Thin layer chromatography

HPTLC

High performance TLC

PTLC

Preparative TLC

2-D TLC

Two-dimensional TLC

Electrophoresis & Biochemical Techniques:

ELISA

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

EMIT

Enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique

EIA

Enzyme immunoassay

FPIA

Fluorescence polarization immunoassay

RIA

Radioimmunoassay

RRA

Radioreceptor assay

PAGE

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

SDS-PAGE

Sodium dodecyl sulfate PAGE

IEF

Isoelectric focusing

CZE

Capillary zone electrophoresis

LIFD

Laser-induced fluorescence detection

LSC

Liquid scintillation counting

AAA

Amino acid analysis

CIA

Capillary ion analysis

MECC

Micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography

CEC

Capillary electrochromatography

Other Analytical Methods:

AAS

Atomic absorption spectrometry

AES

Atomic emission spectrometry

EPR

Electron paramagnetic resonance

IR

Infrared spectrometry

NMR

Nuclear magnetic resonance

1H-NMR

Proton NMR

13C-NMR

Carbon-13 NMR

TCA

Total carbon analysis

CV

Cyclic voltammetry

Analytical Techniques: Acronyms & Abbreviations - in Alphabetical Order

AAA

Amino acid analysis

AAS

Atomic absorption spectrometry

AED

Atomic emission detection

AES

Atomic emission spectrometry

AFD

Alkali flame detection

API

Atmospheric-pressure ionization

AX/HPLC

Anion-exchange HPLC

CC

Open (low pressure) column chromatography

CD

Conductivity detection

CEC

Capillary Electrochromatography

CF-FAB

Continuous flow FAB

CGC

Capillary column gas chromatography

CI/MS

Chemical ionization MS

CIA

Capillary ion analysis

CLD

Chemiluminescence detection

CLSE

Column liquid-solid extraction

13C-NMR

Carbon-13 NMR

CSFC

Capillary supercritical-fluid chromatography

CV

Cyclic voltammetry

CX/HPLC

Cation-exchange HPLC

CZE

Capillary zone electrophoresis

EC

Electron capture detection

ECD

Electrochemical detection

EI/MS

Electron-impact MS

EIA

Enzyme immunoassay

ELISA

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

EMIT

Enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique

EPR

Electron paramagnetic resonance

FAB/MS

Fast-atom-bombardment MS

FD

Fluorescence detection

FIA

Flow injection analysis

FID

Flame ionization detection

FPD

Flame photometric detection

FPIA

Fluorescence polarization immunoassay

FTD

Flame thermionic detection (alkali flame ionization )

GC

Gas chromatography

GC/MS

GC/mass spectrometry

GFC

Gel filtration chromatography

GPC

Gel permeation chromatography

HallECD

Hall electrolytic conductivity detection

HPLC

High performance liquid chromatography

µHPLC

Microcolumn HPLC

HPTLC

High performance TLC

HRGC

High resolution GC

IE/HPLC

Ion-exchange HPLC

IEC

Ion-exchange (low pressure) chromatography

IEF

Isoelectric focusing

ILC

Ion liquid chromatography

IMS

Ion mobility spectrometer

IR

Infrared spectrometry

LC

Liquid chromatography

µLC

Microcolumn LC

LC/MS

Coupled HPLC- mass spectrometry

LIFD

Laser-induced fluorescence detection

LLE

Liquid-liquid extraction

LSC

Liquid scintillation counting

LSE

Liquid-solid extraction

MD

Mass detection

MECC

Micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography

MSD

Mass selective detection

NICI/MS

Negative-ion CI/MS

NMR

Nuclear magnetic resonance

NP/HPLC

Normal-phase HPLC

NPD

Nitrogen phosphorous detection

PAD

Pulsed-amperometric detection

PAGE

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

PCR

Post-column reaction (on-line)

PDA

Photodiode array

PI/HPLC

Paired-ion HPLC

PICI/MS

Positive-ion CI/MS

1H-NMR

Proton NMR

PSFID

Phosphorus sulfur flame ionization detection

PTLC

Preparative TLC

RD

Radioactivity detection

RI

Refractive index detection

RIA

Radioimmunoassay

RP/HPLC

Reversed-phase HPLC

RRA

Radioreceptor assay

SAX

Strong anion exchange

SCX

Strong cation exchange

SDS-PAGE

Sodium dodecyl sulfate PAGE

SEC

Size exclusion chromatography

SFC

Supercritical-fluid chromatography

SID

Surface ionization detection

SID

Surface ionization detection

SIM

Selective ion monitoring

SPE

Solid phase extraction

TCA

Total carbon analysis

TCD

Thermal conductivity detection

2-D TLC

Two-dimensional TLC

TEA

Thermal energy analyzer

TLC

Thin layer chromatography

TSMS

Mass spectrometric detection with thermospray interface

UV/VIS

Ultraviolet/visible detection

WAX

Weak anion exchange

WCX

Weak cation exchange


* Adapted from: pp 11-14 of Solid Phase Extraction Applications Guide and Bibliography: a Resource for Sample Preparation Methods Development, Sixth Edition, Patrick D. McDonald, Ph.D., and Edouard S.P. Bouvier, Ph.D., editors, 645 pp, Waters, Milford, 1995 [P/N 52853].

© 2003 Waters Corporation

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